World Aquaculture 47 There are a few dominant species that are fished in temperate areas. In the Pacific, large catches are taken of the Akiami paste shrimp (Acetes japonicus) and southern rough shrimp (Trachypenaeus curvirostris). The former species belongs to the family Sergestidae while the latter belongs to the family Penaeidae. In the Atlantic, the northern prawn (Pandalus borealis) in the family Pandalidae is the most common species in the fisheries. Within the family Crangonidae, Crangon crangon, is of great economic value. It is captured in large quantities in the North Sea and is used both for human consumption and for the production of meal. All of the commercially important species were illustrated in a book by Dore and Frimodt (1987). The authors referred to the FAO saying that there are about 340 species of commercial value. But Dore and Frimodt (1987) limited the number illustrated to the most important ones, which, according to them, are 70 species. The Evolution of a Shrimp Industry In 1950, when FAO started to collect information about fishery and aquaculture production, the majority of the yield came from the fisheries and almost nothing was farmed. In that year, 412,000 t were caught and only 1,325 t were cultivated. In Table 1 we can follow the figures for capture and culture at five year intervals. In 1965, catches doubled, while small quantities were cultivated. In 1970, the catches exceeded one million t and in 1985 nearly two million t were cultivated. In 1975, the quantities cultivated had increased to more than 20,000 t and, 10 years later reached more than 200,000 t. Farmed production increased very rapidly, reaching 2.5 million t in 2004, while the catch Table 1. Catches and farming quantities in the shrimp industry 1950-20041. Year Catches2 Farmed2 Total2 1950 412 1 413 1955 618 2 620 1960 665 3 668 1965 830 3 833 1970 1109 9 1118 1975 1312 22 1334 1980 1626 72 1698 1985 1974 214 2188 1990 1950 680 2630 1995 2448 928 3376 2000 3099 1162 4261 2004 3602 2476 6078 1The table includes all types of marine shrimps and prawns according to the FAO statistics. 2in 1000 t. Fig. 1. The total world production of shrimps in 2004 was about 6 million tons. Forty-three percent of all shrimps were cultivated while the majority, or 57%, was caught in the fishery. (Figures from FAO). Table 2. Catches of Penaeid shrimps and prawns of the 15 most prominent countries in 2004. (FAO 2006a). Country Catches in Dominant species for each country tons India 181,569 Giant Tiger prawn Penaeus monodon USA 122,209 Northern brown P. aztecus Northern white P. setiferus shrimps Indonesia 105,556 Banana prawn P. merguensis China 98,764 Fleshy prawn P. chinensis Thailand 66,197 Banana prawn P. merguensis Mexico 58,064 Penaeus spp. Australia 21,356 Giant Tiger prawn P. monodon Brazil 20,319 Penaeus spp. Philippines 16,626 Penaeus spp. Mozambique 12,403 Penaeus spp. Venezuela 11,480 Penaeus spp. Nigeria 11,410 Southern pink shr. P. notialis Saudi Arabia 6,628 Green tiger shrimp P. semisulcatus Peru 6,514 Penaeus spp. Pakistan 4,461 Penaeus spp. reached 3.6 million t that year. The total production in 2004 was thus, 6.1 million t (Table 1, Figure 1). World Catch of the Large Tropical Shrimp Species Penaeid shrimp species are important in the world fishery statistics though now the amount of cultivated shrimp has increased in the share of the total. In 2004, 2.5 mil-
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