50 SEPTEMBER 2014 • WORLD AQUACULTURE • WWW.WAS.ORG rural areas. In the past, SIS was not valued and their presence in ponds was undesirable. This project has contributed to changing the attitude toward SIS. Female farmers have learned to stock and grow SIS. The nutritional value of SIS has been accepted. Mara, which performed poorly in project ponds, needs further research to improve its production and breeding performance. Family fish consumption among farmers increased with project implementation but it needs to be increased further by raising production through improved technology, such as multiple stocking and harvesting systems for carp. Farmers have already started to adopt this system in Chitwan, achieving good initial results. Freshwater prawn is an exotic species in Nepal and is still under experimentation. There is a potential for prawn farming in Terai and there is demand but a reliable seed supply is essential. Prawn hatcheries should be developed in the country. To increase benefits, scaling up the technology is needed in other parts of Terai, which may need collaborative efforts among rural communities, government line agencies, research institutions and donors. Notes Sunila Rai, Aquaculture Department, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. Corresponding author: Sunila Rai, Post Box No. 26032, Kathmandu, Nepal. sunilarai@yahoo.com Alternate address: Aquaculture and Fisheries Department, Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. Shakuntala H. Thilsted, World Fish Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh Madhav K. Shrestha, Aquaculture Department, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal Alternate Address: Aquaculture and Fisheries Department, Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. Md. Abdul Wahab, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Mahesh C. Gupta, Fisheries Development Centre, Geta, Kailali, Nepal. Acknowledgments The authors wish to thank Mr. Shankar Prasad Dahal, Fisheries Development Centre, Chitwan, Nepal; Mr. Jiyan Chowdhary, Rural Integrated Development Society, Chitwan, Nepal and Mr. Ramesh Chowdhary, Rural Empowerment Society, Kailali, Nepal for their help to implement the project and carry out the research. DANIDA is gratefully acknowledged for providing financial support. References Akapaniteak, R.C., M. Weimin and Y. Xinhua. 2005. Evaluation of the contribution of fisheries and aquaculture to food security in developing countries. NAGA 28:28-31. Directorate of Fisheries Development. 2013. Annual Reports. Balazu, Kathmandu, Nepal. Knud Hansen, C.F., T.R. Batterson and C.D. McNabb. 1993. The role of chicken manure in the production of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.). Aquaculture and Fisheries Management 24:483-493. Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives. 2009. Statistical Information on Nepalese Agriculture, 2008/2009. Singh Darbar, Kathmandu, Nepal. 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