66 JUNE 2018 • WORLD AQUACULTURE • WWW.WAS.ORG Juvenile and Grow-out Phase Juvenile. Cobia fry were normally reared in cement cisterns, composite tanks or earthen ponds. A suitable volume for a fry rearing tank was 3-10 m3 with an average depth of 1.0-1.5 m. Cobia growth was influenced by stocking density, feeding rate and culture environment. The desirable stocking density ranges from 5-15 kg/m3; growth rate is inversely related to stocking density. Fry were fed with a 35 percent protein diet at 6-8 percent body weight, three times per day. Cobia fry typically reach 30-43 g at 90 d. Size grading is necessary to reduce cannibalism (Xan 2005). During fry and fingerling rearing, 100-200 percent of water was exchanged daily, but this increases electricity cost. Thus, water flow rate can be adjusted according to the water quality and routine siphoning can reduce the water exchange rate. Grow-out. The grow-out of cobia in India has been successfully accomplished in cages in the open sea (Philipose et al. 2013). The suggested stocking size in marine cages was about 50-100 g. Fish less than 50 g are not suitable for offshore culture because of their weak resistance to water currents that can result in mortality (Xan 2005). Better survival is obtained at a greater stocking size. Cobia reach about 50 g (40-80 g) in 110 d and 100 g (65-120 g) in 150 d. The growth rate of cobia varies broadly depending on the culture environment but can reach about 2-6 kg in one year. At 13 fish/m3, fish will reach an average weight of 6 kg, and at 23 fish/m3, fish will reach 3.5 kg. Notes Kalidoss Radhakrishnan, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, India – 400 061 theradhakrishnan@outlook. com Shajahan Ferosekhan, ICAR- Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, India – 751 002 Samraj Aanand, Erode Centre for Sustainable Aquaculture, Tamil Nadu Fisheries University, India – 638 45 A. Karthy, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, India – 751 002 Aparajita Priyadarshani , 2ICAR- Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, India – 751 002 and College of Fisheries, OUAT, Rangailunda, India – 760 007 References Benetti, D., M. Orhun, B. Sardenberg, B. O’Hanlon, A. Welch, R. Hoenig, I. Zink, J.A. Rivera, B. Denlinger, D. Bacoat, K. Palmer and F. Cavalin. 2008. Advances in hatchery and growout technology of cobia Rachycentron canadum (Linnaeus). Aquaculture Research 39:701-711. Benetti, D.D., M.R. Orhun, I. Zink, F.G. Cavalin, B. Sardenberg, K. Palmer, B. Denlinger, D. Bacoat and B. O’Hanlon. 2007. 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