The rise of temperature and decline in dissolved oxygen concentrations has been the most important changes occurring in the oceans, greatly impacting the survival, abundance, development, metabolism, growth, and reproduction of aquatic organisms. Aquaculture has suffered from coastal environmental stresses, and the micro-environments of aquaculture systems also contribute to the frequent occurrence of heat wave and hypoxic events. The monitoring and early warning of environmental stress risk and the cultivation of stress tolerant varieties/strains will be urgent for the sustainable development of aquaculture. The successful rapid domestication of Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai ) under heat stress has led to huge increase in abalone production in the past two decades. Here we introduce the current and ongoing research topics on high temperature and hypoxia tolerance of abalone , including the application of assessment methods for stress tolerance, the research progress in understanding the physiological mechanisms of stress tolerance, and the genetic and epigenetic sources of variation in stress tolerance of abalone . Through the overview of recent research trends, we encourage studies from a comprehensive point of view to consider how we can help those working in the aquaculture field to understand the harm that high temperature and hypoxia does to the aquaculture system and how to alleviate the ecological damage and economic losses caused by environmental stress in the aquatic environment.
Keywords: Hypoxia; Global warming; Abalone; Physiology; Genetic; Plasticity