Marine Extension and Georgia Sea Grant are actively working to expand aquaculture and aquaculture research in Georgia. Aquaculture in Georgia, is mostly found along the coast with an established clam industry and nascent oyster industry. The increased interest in oyster aquaculture has not only led to an increase in research into oyster aquaculture but has also led to the development of framework to expand aquaculture, both fresh and marine, throughout the state.
To address needs associated with oyster aquaculture, Georgia Sea Grant has worked on challenges to seed production, grow-out, and harvest. The Shellfish Research Laboratory operates the only shellfish hatchery in the state. Problems with larval production have been observed and initial thoughts were that bacteria was a potential cause. Further examination found larval failures were correlated to blooms of Akashiwo sanguinea in hatchery source waters but the direct cause remains unclear. Research on A. sanguinea is ongoing to understand what triggers blooms, but storing and settling water for a minimum of 24 hours prior to hatchery use was found to alleviate the problems.
In anticipation of year-round oyster harvest, development of a Vibrio control plan was of upmost importance. Research was undertaken to evaluate levels of V. parahaemolyticus (Vp) and V. vulnificus (Vv) to establish harvest times for the industry. This research led the establishment of rules for summer harvest enacted in 2024 that allow for a two-hour harvest window. Results from follow up research is being considered to expand the harvest window. In addition, research led by Georgia College and State University sampled for emerging species of Vibrio, V. campbellii and V. harveyi. Results found that both species are present in Georgia and that concentrations were greatest in sediments when water temperatures were >22 °C and follow a similar pattern to Vp.
To address aquaculture needs statewide, an Aquaculture Working Group was formed by faculty and staff at the University of Georgia to assess the university’s potential role in facilitating aquaculture development in Georgia. The working group has identified six categories to address to encourage growth of aquaculture. The categories include; 1) Guidance and Strategic Planning, 2) Financial Support and Incentives, 3) Research, Development, and Technology Transfer, 4) Market Development and Consumer Engagement, 5) Infrastructure and Workforce Development, and 6) Regulatory Compliance and Policy Development. These six categories were presented at the GA Aquaculture Conference in April 2025 that was attended by 200 people and provided a platform to foster research, innovation, and partnerships around aquaculture. An update on results from oyster aquaculture research and information from the Aquaculture Working Group findings will be shared.