Sablefish, also known as black cod, are considered a high-value species that are commercially harvested along the Pacific coast and farmed to a limited extent in the US and Canada. Over the past two decades, substantial research advancements have refined our understanding of the biological requirements of this species for successful production throughout all life stages. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Northwest Fisheries Science Center continues to address specific research needs for this species and is actively building partnerships with the aquaculture industry, with a clear goal of increasing commercial sablefish production.
Two key focal points of research for NOAA’s sablefish program involve studies on reproductive physiology and aquatic animal disease management. Upcoming work on reproductive advancements will address the need to maximize spawning success of captive broodstock to ensure consistent larval production and allow for the implementation of genetic selection programs. Another key area of importance is disease management, as disease outbreaks can impact production and overall success of any aquaculture program. Sablefish are impacted by furunculosis, caused by an atypical strain of the bacterium Aeromonas salmonicida. Recent studies aimed at developing vaccine formulations to prevent this disease have shown great promise, and results from various trials will be discussed.
Although research advancements are important for long-term success and refinement of culture methods, it should be noted that sablefish are currently a culture-ready coldwater marine species that is commercially produced and marketed. Because of this, much of NOAA’s programmatic efforts over the next 4-5 years will be aimed at expanding industry partnerships to promote further commercial interest and ultimately increase the number of sablefish producers. Such partnerships have allowed research to be conducted in the context of small-scale commercial production, which is scientifically unique but also promotes market expansion for sablefish. One recognized need for attracting new producers is to have a supply of early life-stage sablefish available for potential growers. To address this, an industry partnership has recently been established with a primary goal of producing high-quality embryos, larvae, or weaned juveniles for producers interested in growing sablefish out to market size.