HISTOPATHOLOGY UNVEILING THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY EFFLUENTS TOXICITY IN DIFFERENT FISH ORGANS IN SELECTED FISH SPECIE  

Tayyaba Sultana*, Tauseef Ullah, Salma Sultana and Shahid Mahboob Rana
 Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad-38000, Pakistan
 E-Mail: sal545pk@yahoo.com

This study was designed with an objective to study the effect of textile industries effluents on water and aquatic organisms particularly fish. Textile industries effluents were collected from five wastewater drains of Faisalabad- drains of Mustafa Abad, Bawa Chak, Abdullahpur, Satyana road and Sumandhri road) containing different textile industries effluents. Representative water samples from each site were collected in 1.5L capacity of polypropylene bottles with polyethylene caps from the five selected sites.

The experiment was performed in glass aquaria containing fingerlings of approximately of ~5-8 gm each of Cirrhinus mrigala, Catla catla, Labeo rohita and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix. These were exposed to composite sample of textile mill effluents after acclimatization. After acclimatization fish were divided into two groups one as experimental and other as control group. Three sub lethal dilutions of the textile effluents were tested for three months. The fish were fed commercial diet 3-4 % of wet body weight. The histopathological changes were observed and compared with control.  Histopathological changes in the gill, kidney and liver were observed. The severe degeneration of the primary and secondary gill filaments, short fusion of secondary lamellae and severe hemorrhage showed in the gills. The glomerular shrinkage, increased spaces between glomerulus and Bowman's capsule, increased tubular lumen in the kidney were observed. In liver were intravascular hemorrhage, vacuolar degeneration, severe hemorrhage, hepatocytes degeneration, hemolysis, erythrocyte infiltration in blood sinusoid, eccentric nuclei, cytoplasmic vacuolation and dilation of vein (Fig-1).