LAND BIOREMEDIATION BY UTILIZATION OF AQUACULTURE

Hasanuddin*, Muyassir, Muchlisin Z.A, Abidin Nur and Kevin Fitzsimmons
Brackish-Water Aquaculture Development Center Ujung Batee Aceh
Director General of Aquaculture, Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Affairs,
hasanuddin_79@yahoo.co.id

In some locations, depression of land productivity has been caused by low quality of soil due to accumulation of waste and organic matter from aquaculture practices. It is crucial to find practical techniques to overcome this problem. Therefore, the objectives of present study were to evaluate three bioremediation methods using three species of aquatic organisms; Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon Fab) and milkfish (Chanos chanos).

A completely randomized design was utilized in this study, the treatments were: (A) control, (B) shrimp at stocking density of 4 shrimp/m2, (C) milkfish at stocking density of 2 fish/m2, (D) tilapia at stocking density of 2 fish/m2, (E) shrimp-milkfish at stocking density of 2 shrimp/m2 and 4 fish/m2, (F) shrimp-tilapia at stocking density of 2 shrimp/m2 and 4 fish/m2, (G) milkfish-tilapia at stocking density of  1 fish/m2 and 1 fish/m2, and (H) shrimp-milkfish-tilapia at stocking density of 4 shrimp/m2, 1 fish/m2 and 1 fish/m2. Every treatment was represented with three replications. The experiment utilized 24 in-ground ponds of 3 m x 8 m in size.

The results demonstrated significant differences between bioremediator species on the soil sediment quality parameters (percent organic matter, phosphorus and iron).   Based on Duncan's Post-hoc Multiple Range Test, tilapia was shown to be the best bioremediator, because this species can decrease organic matter (24.6%), decrease phosphorus (57.5%) and also reduced N-total (28.2%) in the soil sediment (Table 1), In addition, the polyculture of shrimp-milkfish-tilapia was a reasonable aquaculture system to be applied to increase pond production and improve the environmental quality; the increase in the iron value was lowest at 3.2% and a decrease in the manganese value was about 15.1%    (Table 1).