MAP OF FISH DISEASE DISTRIBUTION IN WEST NUSA TENGGARA, INDONESIA

West Nusa Tenggara comprises large potency for marine aquaculture; which major species developed were seaweeds, grouper Cromileptes altivelis, and Ephinephelus fuscoguttatus, silver pompano Trachinotus blochii, lobster (Panulirus homarus), and marine shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)   The recent obstacles faced by marine aquaculture in this area were disease outbreak and environmental degradation.  Therefore, it was necessary to perform preventive action such as regular monitoring and surveillance in order to minimize the loss or failure of these activities.

Monitoring and surveillance was performed to identify pathogenic organisms that infecting farmed fish. It was purposed also to create a comprehensive map on the distribution of disease in farmed fish, especially for economically important fish such as Greasy grouper Cromileptes altivelis, lobster (Panulirus homarus), and silver pompano Trachinotus blochii. Samples were taken from fish farms in both fresh condition or preserved with alcohol 70%. Sample analysis was conducted at the Laboratory of Fish Health and Environment of Marine Aquaculture Development Center, Lombok. Samples were collected from West, East and North Lombok since 2012 to 2015. All of those areas comprised a high mortality rate of 30-50 percent.  Irridovirus caused an outbreak in January to March 2012 at Jerowaru District, East Lombok.

Based on PCR analysis, the grouper Cromileptes altivelis and silver pompano Trachinotus blochii at the sizes of 5-9 cm to matured broodstock size showed to be infected by viral disease Irridovirus and VNN.  While the region Sumbawa and Bima showed positive results of WSSV on vanamei shrimp, occurred in 2013 and 2014.  In 2012, farmed Panulirus homerus in East and Central Lombok was attacked by Rickettsia-like bacterium. These bacteria infected the seed of 40-50 gr to groe out stage of the size of 150-200 grams.