The effect of probiotics  on the survival, growth and immune response of spiny lobster Panulirus homarus culture

Haryanti*,  Zeni Widyastuti and Sari Budi Moria,  
Institute Mariculture for Research and Development
Br Gondol, Ds Penyabangan, Kec. Grogak-Buleleng
PO Box 140 Singaraja 81001,  Bali
Indonesia
haryanti@indosat.net.id  ; haryanti0423@gmail.com

A number of problems including disease infections and significant mortality were occurred in lobster aquaculture. The aim of this research was to observe the performance of growth, survival and immune response on spiny lobster P. homarus. The method in this research was initiated by exploiting the potential probiotic candidates through the isolation, characterization-identification, and then tested the ability of enzymatic hydrolysis, vibriostatic activity, antagonistic, pathogenicity. The culture and application of probiotics was supplemented to the feed of spiny lobster. The spiny lobster was collected from Jembrana Waters - Bali- Indonesia. The Various supplemented moist diet were tested i.e.  (A) the combination of probiotics and (B) Without probiotic (Control). In the present experiment spiny lobster  were reared for three months in the concrete tanks with capacity of 15 m3. Initial weight of spiny lobster were 76.55 ±  12:03 g. Immunity responses were analyzed with quantitative value of immunity related gene expression (7 gene targets) by RT-qPCR after challenge test.  

The results showed that, there were 4 strains of        probiotics potential, i.e. Photobacteria damsela N-5, Bacillus subtilis C-1, Bacillus oceanisediminis H-3, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens I-5. The growth rate of spiny lobster were obtained 189.21 g (combination of probiotics), while the control of 169.76 g. The survival rate was not significant different. Immunity gene expression analysis results indicate that supplemented combination probiotics  for 3 months culture showed differences in increasing  immunity responses.  Expression immunity on ALFHa-1,  ALFHa-2 and  ALFHa-4 after challenge test with Vibrio harveyi revealed by 2.0 -7.0  fold, 4.0 - 10.5 fold and 1.0 - 4.0  fold respectively compared with controls. At ProPO activating system (prophenoloxidase / ProPO). Expression immunity of spiny lobster  as much as 1.5- 4.0 fold , while the clotting system (transglutaminase, clotting protein) expression  immunity of 0.5 - 7.5 fold. Antioxidant defense mechanism (glutathione peroxidase / GPO) of 0.5 - 29.5 fold.  Spiny lobster immunity gene expression was 1.5 -5.8 significantly different at the target gene SAA compared control ( 0.1-1.5 fold)