16 SEPTEMBER 2012 resulted in a greater than 40 percent increase in total nauplii production and a 44 percent reduction in mortality compared to standard fresh feed and nutritional boosters. Appetite Stimulants Various plant extracts from herbs and spices improve animal performance by stimulating gut secretions or by a direct bactericidal effect on gut microflora. The active components of herbs in diets induce the secretion of digestive enzymes. For example, hot spices from peppers (such as capsaicin and piperine) and other essential oils (such as cinnamon, which supplies cinnamaldehyde) stimulates amylase production. They can stimulate appetite, thereby increasing food consumption and conversion efficiencies. Increases in enzyme production can result in improvements in digestibility and availability of nutrients from feedstuffs (Chesson 1987). Reducing the amount of undigested material limits the substrate available for proliferation of pathogenic bacteria. The growth promoter characteristic of herbals induces transcription, leading to increased protein synthesis. Conclusion New diseases are emerging in animals and human beings as a result of the irrational use of antibiotics and antimicrobial growth promoters. Herbal biomedicines are a promising alternative to synthetic drugs in aquaculture. There is a need to work more extensively on medicinal plants in the greater interest of human well-being. Authorities should review the current legislation regarding the use of herbal and natural remedies in aquaculture and allow more flexibility in their use. Notes 1 Department of Aquaculture, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai 400061, India 2 Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ri-Bhoi, ICAR Research Complex for NEH region, Umiam, Meghalaya-793103, India 3 State Department of Fisheries, Lembucherra, Tripura, India, 799210 References Adigüzel, A., G. Medine, B. Meryem, U.T.C. Hatice, A. Fikrettin and K. Üsa. 2005. 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