WORLD AQUACULTURE 51 Conclusion This project explored the possibility of using locally available tuna roe in a shrimp maturation diet and provided baseline information about the nutritional and health aspects of such a diet. As a shrimp maturation diet, tuna roe is: • high in HUFA content. Tuna roe contains similar levels of arachidonate (ARA), less EPA, and more DHA than bloodworms. • free of shrimp viral pathogens. This is a good attribute for SPF shrimp. • suitable for developing semi-moist diets with proper texture and palatability. • more favorable to female reproduction than male reproduction. • value-added, as both nutritional values and environmental benefits are realized. The information generated could support development of a cost-effective, nutritionally complete and biosecure maturation diet. The diet would give tuna roe greater market value, rather than being treated as a processing waste. Notes 1 College of Natural and Applied Sciences, University of Guam, Mangilao, GU96923 * Corresponding author: hgong@uguam.uog.edu, +1 (671)7352144 2 Frank Schacher, personal communication 3 Agricultural Diagnostic Service Center, University of Hawaii, Manoa, HI 4 Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii, Manoa, HI Acknowledgments This study was sponsored by the Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquaculture, United States Department of Agriculture. The authors thank Mr. Steve Stenson and Tideswater Distribution Inc. for the generous provision of yellowfin tuna roe, Ms. Jarupan Channarong and Mr. Adrian Rojas for their valuable contribution in the semi-moist diet preparation and evaluation of shrimp reproductive performance, Ms. Liza Blas for tuna roe collection, Mr. Yanhao Yang on experimenting the various drying procedures, Dr. Yongde Zhang for assisting in shrimp disease diagnosis. Our thanks to Dr. Harry Ako and Ms. Page Iida from University of Hawaii at Manoa, CTAHR for providing the fatty acid analysis of tuna roe samples, as well as Agricultural Diagnostic Service Center, University of Hawaii for their service in proximate analysis. References Allen, S. and P. Bartram. 2008. Guam as a Fishing Community. Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, Administrative Report H-08-01. Arco, G.F., A.M. Ibarra, C. Vazquez-Boucard, E. Palacios and I. S. Racotta. 2003. Haemolymph metabolic variables in relation to eyestalk ablation and gonad development of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei Boone. Aquaculture Research 34:1-7. TABLE 4. Mean (s.e.) reproductive performance of L. vannamei fed tuna roe semi-moist diet (FR) and control diet A (Control A) in phase 1 comparison. Reproductive measure FR Control A Eggs per spawn (x103) 25.3 (4.5)a 85.4 (7.1)b n=8 n=24 Hatching rate (%) 33.5 (6.0)a 57.0 (4.6)b n=8 n=24 P values for the t-tests Females matured to Stage IV P < 0.001 Mating #/day P < 0.001 Eggs/spawn P < 0.001 Hatching rate P < 0.01 TABLE 5. Mean (s.e.) reproductive performance of L. vannamei fed tuna roe semi-moist diet (FR) and control diet B (Control B) in phase 2 comparison. Reproductive measure FR Control B Eggs per spawn (x103) 46.7 (5.3) 59.4 (3.8) n=9 n=26 Fertilization rate (%) 29.2 (7.4) 30.9 (3.5) n=9 n=26 Hatching rate (%) 21.9 (6.5) 23.5 (3.0) n=8 n=26 P values for the t-tests Females matured to Stage IV P < 0.0001 Mating #/day P = 0.1085 Eggs/spawn P = 0.077 Fertilization rate P = 0.840 Hatching rate P = 0.566 TABLE 6. Mean (s.e.) reproductive performance of L. vannamei fed tuna roe semi-moist diet (FR) and control diet B (Control B) in phase 3 comparison when artificial insemination was applied. Reproductive measure FR Control B Eggs per spawn (x103) 30.8 (5.4) 34.0 (14.6) n=17 n=16 Fertilization rate (%) 30.5 (7.7) 31.3 (5.7) n=11 n=14 Hatching rate (%) 15.7 (5.7) 18.7 (3.6) n=11 n=14 P values for the t-tests Females matured to Stage IV P < 0.05 Eggs/spawn P = 0.837 Fertilization rate P = 0.725 Hatching rate P = 0.964 (CONTINUED ON PAGE 52)
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MjExNDY=