Asian-Pacific Aquaculture 2019

June 19 - 21, 2019

Chennai Tamil Nadu - India

DIFFUSION OF OCP RESIDUES FROM ROHU Labeo rohita INTERNAL ORGANS TO EDIBLE TISSUES DURING ICE STORAGE – A THREAT

Arisekar, U a, JeyaShakila, R a, Jeyasekaran, Ga, Shalini, Ra, Asha Hema Malani, Na, and Sundhar, Sa
a Department of Fish Quality Assurance and Management
Fisheries College and Research Institute
Tamil Nadu Dr. J. Jayalalithaa  Fisheries University
Tuticorin - 628 008, Tamil Nadu
 

 

Internal organs of fish viz. liver, gills, kidney and brain are the most vulnerable organs that accumulate pesticide residues from the aquatic system. A preliminary study conducted on the extent of OCP residues in the freshwater fishes of Manimuthar Dam, Tamil Nadu indicated that alarming levels of endosulfan residues in the surface water (34 µg l-1) and fish edible tissues (26 µg kg-1). This study was planned to examine the diffusion of OCP residues from internal organs to edible tissues of rohu (Labeo rohita) held in ice. The OCP pesticides were extracted from the samples as per AOAC 2007.01 method using QuEChERS extraction kit and analyzed using GC-MS. The total OCP residues were high in liver (246 µg kg-1), followed by gills (226 µg kg-1) and intestine (167 µg kg-1). Edible muscle tissues contained less OCP residues (54 µg kg-1). Endosulfan, endrin and DDT were the major OCPs in liver and intestine ranging from 53- 66 µg kg-1, 45- 53 µg kg-1 and 26- 35 µg kg-1, respectively. On storage of whole rohu in ice, the total OCP residues in muscle tissues increased to 152 µg kg-1; while in gill tissues it reduced to 129 µg kg-1. In the liver, the total OCPs increased to 317 µg kg-1on day 5; and to 933 µg kg-1 on day 9. Total disintegration of internal organs beyond day 5 of storage had resulted in such abnormal increase in OCP residues of liver - like mass. It is evident that OCP residue accumulation in edible muscle tissues had occurred due the diffusion from gills and not from the liver. Although the total OCP residues had increased 3 folds in muscle tissues on day 9, accumulation of BHC and heptachlor was 6 folds; endrin and DDT was 4 folds; aldrin was 3 folds; and endosulfan and cypermethrin was 2 folds. Correspondingly, in the gills the loss of endosulfan, DDT, endrin and heptachlor was 40%; while aldrin was 60% and BHC was 30%. Total fat present in these tissues did not correlated with the diffusion of OCP residues; as gills had more fat than muscle tissues. It has been hypothesised that specific class of lipids or fatty acids derivative in the tissues are responsible for the accumulation of OCP residues. The water- octanol coefficient (Kow) also plays a role in diffusivity of OCP residues in tissues. The study these inferred that although diffusion of pesticides can occur to the edible tissues during ice storage, the level noticed were far below the permissible limit for endosulfan, endrin and DDT. However, in case of alarming level of pesticides in surface waters, there may be chances for more accumulation in gills, which in turn diffuse to fish tissues on storage in ice.