World Aquaculture Singapore 2022

November 29 - December 2, 2022

Singapore

EFECTO DE LOS EFLUENTES DE CULTIVO DE CAMARÓN Litopenaeus vannamei MANEJADO CON BIOFLOC Y ALTA DENSIDAD SOBRE EL DESARROLLO Y PRODUCCIÓN DE TOMATE Solanum lycopersicum L.

Héctor M. Esparza-Leal*, Carlos H. Iribe Bórquez, Adolfo D. Armenta Bojórquez, Ely S. López-Álvarez, Nadia Vazquez-Montoya, Mariel López-Espinoza, Wenceslao Valenzuela-Quiñónez, Magnolia Montoya Mejía

 

*Instituto Politécnico Nacional-Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Sinaloa, Boulevard Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes # 250, Guasave, Sinaloa 81101, Mexico. hesparza@ipn.mx

 



 A limitations for aquaponic farming with tomato-shrimp is that while the optimum temperature for tomatoes fluctuates between 15 and 25 °C, that of shrimp fluctuates between 25 and 30 °C. Therefore, the integration of aquaponics with tomato-shrimp represents a challenge that can be addressed. For this reason, the present work aimed to determine the effect of the effluents of a shrimp culture Litopenaeus vannamei managed with biofloc with high stocking density and enriched with 100 mg/L of nitrate, on the development and production of tomato Solanum lycopersicum L in autumn-winter. We worked with four treatments, which were based on watering with two types of water sources and two densities of tomato planting: T1 = tomato crop with high planting density (4.1 plants/m²) irrigated with the effluents from the shrimp strengthened with 100 mg/L nitrate, T2 = tomato crop with low planting density (2.7 plants/m²) irrigated with effluents from the shrimp crop fortified with 100 mg/L nitrate, T3 = tomato crop with high density sowing (4.1 plants/m²) irrigated with Steiner solution (740 mg/L nitrate) and T4 = tomato crop with low planting density (2.7 plants/m²) irrigated with Steiner solution (740 mg/L of nitrate). During the study, salinity fluctuated between 1 and 6 ‰. In the shrimp culture there was a 36% survival and a growth of 0.58 g/week. With respect to tomato cultivation, it was determined that using the shrimp effluents and strengthening them with no more than 100 mg/L of nitrates, a good development of tomato plants can be maintained. During flowering and fruit formation, the thickness and height of the stem of the plants showed significant statistical differences between the treatments. The thickest stems (T3 = 0.92 and T4 = 0.97 cm) and higher height (T3 = 207.47 and T4 = 201.27 cm) were observed where it was watered with the Steiner solution more that where it was watered only with the shrimp effluents enriched with nitrate (T1 = 0.73 and T2 = 0.79 cm; T1 = 162.28 and T2 = 158.67 cm, respectively), regardless of the tomato planting density. Also, there were significant statistical differences in production between treatments, obtaining a lower production where it was watered only with the effluents from the shrimp culture enriched with nitrate (T1 = 32 and T2 = 38 ton, extrapolated values) than where it was watered with the Steiner solution (T3 = 56 and T2 = 68 ton, extrapolated values).