Aquaculture America 2023

February 23 - 26, 2023

New Orleans, Louisiana USA

INDUCTION OF OUT-OF-SEASON SPAWNING OF AN INTENSIVELY REARED WALLEYE Sander vitreus BROODSTOCK

 Tyler J. Firkus*, Christopher Hartleb, Kendall Holmes, Jared Neibauer, Colton Branville,  Emma  Wiermaa, and Gregory Fischer

 University of Wisconsin – Stevens Point

 Northern Aquaculture Demonstration Facility

 36445 State Highway 13

 Bayfield, WI 54814

 tyfirkus@uwsp.edu

 



For walleye (Sander vitreus) to be a commercially viable aquaculture species, walleye eggs, fry, and juveniles must be available year-round from a domestic broodstock so that producers can bring multiple cohorts of walleye to market throughout the year.  Walleye spawn once per year during spring and therefore are not naturally suited to year-round egg production.  One potential solution to this problem is to induce out-of-season spawning by manipulating photoperiod and temperature regimes for different cohorts of walleye broodstock thereby providing spring spawning conditions for each cohort at multiple points throughout the year.  This approach has been successfully applied to other aquaculture species including zander (Sander lucioperca), Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio), Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), and Eurasian Perch (Perca fluviatilis), but is a novel approach for walleye.  The aim of this study was to apply photoperiod and temperature manipulations to three groups of walleye broodstock to induce out-of-season spawning and assess the viability of this approach for developing a year-round supply of walleye eggs and fingerlings.  We manipulated thermal and photoperiod regimes for 3 groups of walleye broodstock to simulate spring spawning conditions in February (early), April (in-season), and July (late season).  Broodstock from each group were evaluated weekly for egg and milt expression and injected with hCG to initiate ovulation during their respective spring periods.  Fecundity, egg size, fertilization success, and eye up success were recorded and compared among spawning seasons.  Fecundity was significantly lower for late season broodstock and egg size was significantly smaller in the early-season treatment.  Fertilization success was similar for the early and in-season treatments but was 0% for eggs from the late season treatment resulting in no viable offspring.  After fertilization, all eggs from the early and in-season treatments were incubated in hatching jars, hatched, and reared in larval systems for 30 days at which point larval growth, survival, and deformity rate was recorded and compared.  Larval growth did not differ significantly between early and in-season treatments, but survival was significantly lower for larval walleye from the early-season broodstock.  Our results suggest that early out-of-season spawning for walleye is possible, but comes with tradeoffs of smaller egg size and lower larval survival.  Going forward, out-of-season spawning efforts may be more successful if broodstock are phase shifted to continue spawning out-of-season for multiple years and broodstock nutrition and environmental conditions are further optimized.