Abstract
The Harsi reservoir in Madhya Pradesh, an important freshwater ecosystem in the Bundelkhand region, supports both aquatic and terrestrial biodiversity as well as local fisheries. Despite its ecological and economic significance, there is limited information about the population structure and genetic diversity of Labeo rohita (rohu), a key aquaculture species in its upper stretch. Previous studies have mainly focused on general morphometric or ecological features, leaving a gap in genetic, biometric, and water quality data. This study aims to fill that gap by comprehensively assessing the biometric traits and genetic diversity of L. rohita populations in the Harsi reservoir using advanced techniques like Tross network analysis and molecular markers. Tross network analysis, based on anatomical structure geometry, along with mtDNA analysis, provides insights into genetic structure, gene flow, and inbreeding potential. The research integrates live fish and water sampling, catch composition analysis, morphometric measurements, DNA barcoding, and statistical methods to explore both physical and genetic diversity. The findings are considered in the context of regional factors, water management practices, and catch composition, with a focus on how water quality impacts growth and genetic makeup. This study underscores the risks of genetic erosion in unmanaged populations and shows that combining morphometric and molecular methods can help identify distinct fish stocks and guide effective breeding programs. The results offer actionable strategies for conserving biodiversity, reducing inbreeding risks, and enhancing fish stock management, contributing to the sustainability of fisheries and socio-economic development in Bundelkhand.
Keywords: Aquaculture; Biodiversity; Fisheries; Genetics; Harsi; Labeo.