Wetlands, often termed “biological supermarkets,” are rich in biodiversity and provide critical ecological services and livelihood support. In regions like West Bengal, where millions depend on these ecosystems, fishing, particularly culture-based practices in inland open waters remains essential for sustenance. However, income from fish sales alone often falls short, underscoring the need for alternative livelihoods to strengthen socio-economic resilience. A promising solution is aqua-tourism, which harnesses the scenic and ecological value of wetlands to create sustainable income opportunities. The Duma wetland in North 24 Parganas, a major floodplain wetland in the lower Gangetic delta, exemplifies this potential. Managed by a Primary Fisheries Cooperative Society (PFCS) with over 1,000 members, Duma’s fish yield rose from 48 to 82 tons annually after the implementation of an ICAR-CIFRI integrated management plan. Still, heavy dependence on fisheries strains the ecosystem. Emerging activities like sport fishing, boating, fish festivals, and kiosks offer viable supplementary income, engaging women and youth while reducing rural-urban migration. With supportive policies and investment, these ventures can spur local entrepreneurship, ensure ecological conservation, and promote inclusive rural development. The Duma wetland stands as a model for sustainable, community-based wetland governance, balancing livelihoods and environmental health.
Key words: Aqua tourism, wetland management, alternative livelihood, financial resilience, sport fishing