DISEASE IN SHRIMP CULTURE: HOW TO CONTAIN A GLOBAL THREAT?

Shrimp production has been regularly affected by viral and bacterial diseases. Over the last five years, new pathogens have dramatically affected production in some Asian and Latin American countries. More specifically, with AHPND and EHP, this has led to a revision of current practices in broodstock selection/management, larval rearing and ongrowing, encompassing biosecurity, microbial management and feed management.

Looking at AHPND, the available information and experience on Vibrio allowed us to design a holistic management approach which can successfully minimize the damage the bacteria inflict on cultured shrimp. First and foremost, basic good practices have to be established in the management of the aquaculture systems to provide an optimal and stable environment. Secondly, the host health is reinforced by optimized nutrition and supportive supplements for its endogenous protective pathways and immune system. Thirdly, on the level of infectious agents, we aim to reduce the presence of viruses and virulent bacteria, while preventing opportunistic bacteria from getting a chance to overwhelm the hosts. To the best of our current knowledge, this integrated plan is so far the only way to control EMS/AHPND. The key to success is to invest on the different levels simultaneously, instead of focusing on only one or two "fashionable" factors at a time. Examples of steps taken in Thailand and other countries affected by these two recent pathogens, will be given.