LARGE-SCALE MONO-SEX PRODUCTION IN FISH

Mono-sex production is desirable in a variety of fish species due to case-specific advantages, higher growth rate and less variation in harvest size, reduction of social impact, control over reproduction, superior flesh quality or value of one sex, reduction of environmental risk resulting from escapes of invasive species, and potential application in invasive animal control. Mono-sex production includes many aspects, e.g. producing sex-skewed / mono-sex population through induction of sex reversal, chromosome manipulation (gynogenesis and androgenesis, polyploidy induction), hybridization, selection, or the combination of these two or more. Large-scale mono-sex production in fish usually require the researchers to acquire basic information on sex-determining mechanism and need two preconditions, sex could be reversed and the sex-reversed fish can be fertile. The process mainly consists of four major procedures, induction of sex reversal, identification of sex-reversed individuals, population expansion of sex-reversed individuals, and mono-sex production.

We critically reviewed recent advancement of sex-linked markers and generated a set of workflow of all-male and all-female production in fish with XX/XY or ZW/ZZ genotype. This workflow has applications in commercial scale mono-sex production and could facilitate research field that prefer mono-sex fish as material. We also summarized the potential application of environment-friendly approaches, e.g. temperature treatment, rearing background color, in mono-sex production.