MAPPING OF FISH DISEASES OF NORTH SULAWESI AQUACULTURE.
Monitoring of fish diseases is important in reducing the losses in fish farming caused by the diseases. This study aimed to identify the types of pathogens that infect cultured fish in regencies/cities in North Sulawesi Province and to map the spread of fish disease in North Sulawesi. Ten fish were randomly sampled from each farm, where 3 farms were selected from each regency/city. Examination of ecto-parasites on the surface of the fish body was done by scraping the surface of the body or organ, and then observed under a microscope. The results were then compared with ecto-parasites identification Guide Kabata (1985). Bacterial examination was done by using the isolation and purification techniques. The characteristics were based on some tests: motility test, gram test and a series of biochemical tests. Analysis of the virus using gill organ as samples was carried out using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method.
The results shows that there were several types of bacteria identified as follows: Aeromonas sp, A. hydrophilla, Acinetobakter sp, Bacillus sp, Enterobakter sp, Flavobakterium sp, Flexibacter sp, Plesiomonas sp, Pseudomonas sp, P. flourescens, Vibrio sp, V. anuillarum, V. alginolyticus, V. carchariae, V damsela., V. mimicus. A. hydrophilla was found in all sampling locations.
Some parasitic diseases were found to be caused by species of parasites as follows: Argulus sp, Dactylogirus sp, Gyrodactylus sp, Ichthyopthirius multifiliis, Lernea sp, Trichodina sp and Trichodinella sp. Trichodina sp was the most dominant parasite found. The types of viruses that infect fish samples were Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN) identified in grouper (Epinephelus sp) and Koi Herpes Virus (KHV) found in carp (Cyprinus carpio) and Koi (Cyprinus koi).