THE USE OF PHRONIMA SUPPA Phronima sp INSTEAD OF ARTEMIA IN TIGER SHRIMP Penaeus monodon HATCHERY

Indonesian tiger shrimp farming industry heavily depends on Artemia salina as imported feed. Meanwhile, Artemia price rises annually, particularly at stock scarcity periods. This condition has led to increasing production costs of post-larvae and poor competitiveness. Hatchery operators react to this situation by reducing the use of Artemia dose. A can of Artemia, which is ideally used to produce 200,000 post-larvae, is currently for production of around 400,000 post-larvae. This results in low quality of seed and tiger shrimp pathogenic, especially WSSV and potential of another Vibrio harvey outbreak. In these ten years, Phronima Suppa (Phronima sp), that is endemic in Tasiwalie and Wiringtasi village waters at Pinrang regency, South Sulawesi Province, has been discovered and developed. The shrimp ponds in Cempa, Pinrang regency, a new area of phronima suppa application throughout the years, have lower salinity, and the seeds are already adaptive to this condition.

This study aimed to improve the efficiency and competitiveness of tiger shrimp hatchery and provide seeds adaptive to ponds with low salinity as well. From April to July 2015, the research was conducted at Benur Utama hatchery in Pinrang regency with three sorts of treatment -  treatment with Artemia provision (A), treatment with Phronima Suppa (B), and treatment with combination of Artemia and Phronima Suppa (C) on post-larvae (PL-9) of tiger shrimp to produce the PL-47 in 38 days. Each treatment consisted of three replications and was designed through a completely randomized designing. The parameters observed were survival rate, absolute and relative growth, daily and specific growth rate as well as water quality. The treatment effect was significant (P<0.05) for survival rate and growth. The highest survival rate was reached by treatment C (40.5±4.8 percent), followed by treatment B (34.7±3.5 percent) and treatment A (19.5 ±4.8 percent). The highest absolute growth was achieved by treatment B (2,864.533±295.701 mg), followed by treatment C (1,994.900±241.347 mg) and treatment A (0.200±13.501 mg). Treatment B, the treatment with the highest result, produced relative growth of 5,265.686±543.567 percent, daily growth rate of 11.039 ±0.299 percent and specific growth rate of 0.105±0.003. All the parameters of water quality of research tank were in accordance with the necessities of tiger shrimp post-larvae life. It is worth applying Phronima Suppa at hatchery and tiger shrimp enlargement transition ponds instead of Artemia salina. Phronima Suppa is recommended for hatchery and tiger shrimp transition ponds. It is advisable to carry out research and study of the application of nauplius and young Phronima Suppa in the production of post-larvae tiger shrimp.