Socio-economic Characteristics of Coastal Fishermen Society in Pulau Morotai

Erna Ratnawati * and Ruzkiah Asaf
Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau
(Research Institute for Coastal Aquaculture)
Jl. Makmur Dg. Sitakka 129 Maros 90512, Sulawesi Selatan
E-mail: ernaratnawati60@yahoo.co.id

Pulau Morotai in North Maluku is a border area which is a regional division with a view to the progress of development and improved welfare. This study examines the social and economic characteristics of fishing communities in the District of Morotai Island. The research aims to study the social and economic aspects of the fishing communities include fishing communities, education, etc. The study was conducted using a combination of qualitative and quantitative approach that emphasizes an explorative descriptive analysis. The combination of the two approaches are part of the triangulation theory both in terms of resources, data collection techniques, data sources and analysis. Data collected through in-depth interview with the respondents and through a process of observation. There are a few of those interviewed include the fishermen, gatherers, village governments and local governments are being sampled in this study.

Social conditions Population

of Agriculture as the principal livelihood for the population is predominantly of plantation crops such as cloves, nutmeg and coconut, then the results of the food crops such as rice, corn, cassava and others. While the results of the fishery in the dominance of the catch of fishermen with fishing gear are predominantly used hand line and amounted to 1,038 units (Morotai Island Regency in Figures 2015).

The structure of population by religion is dominated by the Moslem population and there are at most in the District of South Morotai, followed by Christianity and the highest in the District of West South Morotai, then Catholicism that most adherents in the District of Morotai Jaya.

Educational facilities which is a forum for learning and teaching is a concern that is not less important for the government of the District of Morotai Island, seen with full facilities available in each district starting from the level of kindergarten, elementary, middle, and high school / vocational school, so there is no excuse for residents to not denounce school. Not only to the high school level but for male and female students who will continue again education, no longer need to exit the area because in the district capital of existing universities, namely the University of the Pacific

Analysis Process Flow Aquaculture

From the results of data collection and interviews with some of the respondents with respect to development of the cultivation in the District of Morotai, then the process flow analysis (marketing channels) to further discuss the relationship between sub-processes that influence the development of aquaculture in the District of Morotai as follows:

Based on the results of research in the field can be seen that there are three streams that flow products, financial flow and information flow in the supply chain results aquaculture products. The third stream flows in the chain such as farmers / fishermen, retailers, entrepreneurs, traders and consumers. Efforts to optimize the three streams that exist in the supply chain results aquaculture activities can be done with the system approach involving multiple parties, such as farmers, retailers, entrepreneurs, traders, consumers and government as policy maker. Supplies products of aquaculture activities in Pulau Morotai been insufficient because the fishermen or farmers only dependent on the capital given to each farmer group and the constraint in cultivation that water quality conditions of cultivation and the disease were found in the continuous production of which affects the outcome of aquaculture production. Parties involved in the supply of product yield farming activities are fishermen or farmers because if they do not do cultivation optimally, the available cultivated will not be fulfilled until the level of the consumer, for the fulfillment of the government's cooperation in this regard is needed in terms of policy and the availability of technology and capital in doingcultivation.