Estrogen -Vitellogenin interactions on Oreochromis mossambicus due to Endocrine disrupting chemicals collected from various drainages in Vaigai River tributaries around Madurai, TN, India and its bioremediation through enzyme-nanoparticle conjugates.

Endocrine disruption is one of the major life phenomena noted during the recent years. The xenobiotic chemical substance tends to act upon endocrine function as either agonist or antagonist over the organisms especially in the reproductive mechanism. This event may finally end up with a collapse of population propagation in the wild. The present study focused on the endocrine sensitivity of the fishes collected from three different contaminated regions of a non-perennial Holly river Vaigai, which flows across Madurai city. The contaminated locales are Sewage confluencing area (Point source), Liquid food Effluent area (Point source), and Agricultural runoff area (non-point source). From these three regions, the inhabiting common fishes such as Oreochromis mossambicus species were collected and examined for their morphological and anatomical changes, GSI, HSI, egg numbers beside Enzyme assays were carried out employing chemi-luminescent method during different seasons. The result obtained showed that the fishes of both candidate species showed feminization development at different level. Thus it was discernible that estrogens-like Endocrine disrupting chemicals' present in the river water and that may caused the catastrophe. On observing the seasonal variations, summer season showed peak values of the all the hormones analysed particularly in sewage drainage area which is a point source. Thus concluded, the point source during summer exerts maximal impact on fishes hormones and there GSI/ HSI ratio. It is our duty to find out the remedy to remove the threats of different pollution from the nature in safest ways. Bioremediation will play an important role in this aspect. Microbes can use wide range of chemicals for their metabolic need using different enzymes and immobilization of the enzymes with the help of nano particles and utilization in bioremediation may play a vital role against different toxic chemicals.